Basic Scouting Questions


Ever wondered what coaches do in order to prepare for a game?  Well they watch dozens and dozens of hours of film late into the night and figure out ways to get an edge on the opposition.  Today scouting is done mainly by exchange of game film under strict rules that are governed by the NCAA and the individual conferences.  In the old days it was done more in person.  To give you a flavor of some of the most basic and funamental topics they examine I have compiled a short list. 

  • Basic Tendency Charting - Compilation of the following items into a database week by week
    • Quarter / Time
    • Drive
    • Down & Distance
    • Hash Mark
    • Personnel Sets
    • Offense Formation
    • Defense Formation
    • Play Type
    • Result
    • Special Comments
  • Defense Particulars - (What type of defensive front does the opposition play and on what downs or formations do they switch and why?)
    • Front Seven
      • 4-3 Under
      • 4-3 Over
      • 4-3 Even
      • 3-4
      • 46 Bear
      • Eagle/Double Eagle Flex, etc.
      • Other
    • Secondary Coverage (What type of secondary coverage does the opposition play and on what downs or formations do they switch and why?)
      • Cover 0
      • Cover 1
      • Cover 2
      • Cover 3
      • Cover 4
      • Quarter, Quarter, Half
      • Man Under Variations
      • Other
    • Attack Schemes (What type of blitzs and stunts does they use and when are they most likely?)
      • Blitzes
        • Type
        • Situation & Frequency
        • Personnel
      • Stunts
        • Type
        • Situation & Frequency
        • Personnel
  • Offense
    • Personnel Evaluation (Who are their top players and where are they the most dangerours?)
      • Lineman
      • Linebackers
      • Defensive Backs
      • Running Backs
      • TE’s & WR’s
      • Quarterback
    • Protections Schemes  (What protection schemes do they use and how is it vulnerable?)
      • Fan
      • Scan
      • Slide
      • Man
    • Formations  (What personnel sets do they use and what plays do they run out of them?)
      • Personnel Sets (21, etc.)
      • Pro Formation (TB, FB, TE, SE, FL)
      • I Formation
      • Ace Sets (2 TE, 3 WR, 4 WR)
      • Empty Back (4 WR, 5 WR)
    • Motion  (What type of motion is used and what does it indicate?)
      • WR Motion
      • TE Motion
      • RB Motion
    • Plays  (What type of base runs to they use and out of what formation and personnel sets?)
      • Base Runs
        • Zone Runs
        • Draws
        • Traps & Pulls
        • Off Tackle
        • Blast / Dive
        • Option Plays
        • Toss Plays Sweeps
      • Base Passes  (What type of base pass plays do they use and out of what formation and personnel sets?)
        • Slant
        • Fade
        • Curl
        • Hitch
        • Dig / Drag
        • Out
        • Post
        • Corner
        • Fly / Go 
    • Situational Analysis & Play Calling  (What type of plays do they call in the following situations?)
      • First down plays
      • 2nd & Long
      • 2nd & Medium
      • 2nd & Short
      • 3rd & Long
      • 3rd & Medium
      • 3rd & Short
      • 4th Down
      • Red Zone
      • Rip Zone
      • Backed up
  • Basic Data Analysis  (How good are they in the following categories and what does that imply for the game plan?)
    • Offense
      • Scoring conversion
      • How teams score
      • Average drive distance
      • Scoring drive distance
      • First down efficiency (+4 yards gained %)
      • 3rd down & 4th down conversion
      • Runs by type, formation, gap, yards gained, distribution
      • Passes by type, formation, direction, yards gained, YAC, YPA, YPC
    • Defense
      • Defensive scoring
      • Turnovers
      • Sacks & TFL’s & QB hurries
      • 3rd down & 4th down conversion allowed
      • Rush defense (total yards, yards per play, by direction)
      • Pass defense (total yards, ypa, ypc, by direction)
    • Special Teams
      • FG percentage
      • Punt yards & net
      • Return yards gained / allowed
      • Turnovers & blocked kicks

 
This is just the starters list.  There is more at the detailed level the coaches look at in order to find tiny areas to exploint.  You can probably see why the coaching profession has such long hours in college and at the NFL level.  Game planning and play calling on both offense and defense are based upon hours and hours of study and analysis.  Even then coaches often spend the first two quarters of a game charting up in the booth what the opposition is actually doing and if this matches up with what was anticipated.  When it doesn't that is when you hear about the small "adjustments" that all teams make almost every game.